About a week ago I received an email from a friend of mine who works at UW-Milwaukee. She said that she liked my recent blog on conflict resolution, and felt bad that the whole thing happened in the first place. But she also felt somewhat wary, because after the blog was posted, a few prospective deaf students called her to ask if that kind of thing still went on at UWM. “The thing is, Chris,” she said in a subsequent IM conversation, “it happened a long time ago. What about all of our hard work since then? What about all of the improvements we’ve made? Don’t they count for anything?”
She had a point. A lot of people think that the deaf community (“community” in the sense that its fractured factions can still get together long enough to fight) is being overrun by negativity the way it is. So how does another story about a problem—especially a past problem—help anyone?
I asked my friend if I could answer that question with yet another UWM story, and though she’s by now almost certainly warier than she was before, she did say yes. So here goes: During the summer of that same year, 1990, I elected to live in the dorm and work in Milwaukee because it would’ve been as boring as hell to move back home. A deaf buddy of mine, Kevin, was a crew leader for this dormitory work thing called the Project Crew. Sign on with them and you’d basically spend the summer cleaning out three skyscrapers’ worth of old loft posts, beat up couches, and other junk left behind by the students who had just moved out. Kev told me they were hiring so I went and applied… and voila, this dream job became mine!
Anyway it came to pass that one day in July the supervisor of the crews told Kev to pick out six or seven people for a warehouse trip. None of us knew what this meant so Kev explained that UWM owned this huge warehouse about a mile off campus on Kenilworth Avenue. From what I could gather, it used to be a torpedo factory before it was donated as a gift to the University some years back, and had been used for storage ever since. We piled into a van and were there in ten minutes.
After a couple of hours spent moving some extraordinarily heavy metal desks around, we finally got our mid-morning break and went exploring. Kev found a bunch of us rifling through boxes of old Psychology Today magazines dating back to the 1970s—one contained some rather revealing photos depicting nude poolside therapy—and said he wanted to show us something. So we followed him up to the second floor to a wide hallway, and there it was: a water bubbler with the word “COLORED” stenciled above it. At first I couldn’t quite believe what I was seeing. I looked across the hallway and sure enough, there was another water bubbler (neither of them was hooked up, by the way) with the word “WHITE” stenciled above it in the same bold, black letters.
What can I say? It was a surreal moment. A couple of guys were muttering and touching the letters, as if using some other sense besides their vision would help prove that they were real. Another guy on the crew, a black student, looked on silently. Why hadn’t anyone painted over those words in all of these years? It was 1990, after all. How long had they been left on the walls? Forty years? More?
Now as bad as this all sounds, I also have to tell you something that will initially come across as contradictory. If you had asked me either then or today if—based on this story—I thought UW-Milwaukee was a racist campus, I would have said “no.” Even if you dragged me back to that warehouse and stood there with me as we looked at the word “COLORED” together. It’s not that simple. What if that sign was made when the warehouse was still a torpedo factory, before the building became a gift to the University? If so, what did its existence have to do with UWM? Nothing. Maybe the people who knew the sign was there but didn’t do anything about it bore some measure of responsibility (this wouldn’t include people who mentioned something to their supervisor, as Kev did). But how many people really knew? Enough to implicate an entire campus? Enough to prove that everyone who ever worked or went to school there believed the same things, endorsed the same things, and ignored the same things? That nobody there ever hoped for something different? The vast majority of people who went to UWM probably didn’t even know the warehouse existed!
Not that this is really the point. A painted sign on a wall is hardly a requirement for racism to exist on a given college campus. But if that’s true, let’s say we take that sign off the wall. It’s highly likely that it happened eventually anyway. The warehouse was recently converted into an upscale dormitory complete with studio space for art classes. We can safely assume the layout of the entire building has been probably altered to the extent that not only the signs but also the water bubblers and possibly even the hallway and stairs no longer exist.
What do these changes mean? Are they a good thing? In a sense, yes, because at least one of them shows that time has moved on. Shameful signs depicting a shameful era in Milwaukee’s history have been removed. It doesn’t matter if this happened for a reason as noble as the fight against segregation or for a reason as practical as needing to paint a wall so that a Coke machine could be installed. Or even some combination of the two. The signs are gone and we should be glad, right?
But it’s a good bet that somewhere, someone isn’t glad, and not because he’s a racist. All too often we move on at a price; one this world pays over and over, in one fashion or another, when our stories aren’t told. Suppose that there really is a Coke machine or something standing where that water bubbler used to be. Some kid drops a buck fifty in quarters into the slot to get his soda… but that’s all he gets. Is he better off for it? Are the rest of us? He has no opportunity to see what I saw that day, to run his fingers over those letters, or alter his life accordingly… even if in some small way. Outside of this story, what proof does he have that they were ever there? We can’t build a museum around every mistake we ever made. Yet for every choice that we made to preserve one sign, we painted over dozens of others. Thus we end up producing generations of students who not only will probably never visit a Black History Museum… they’ll also probably never learn anything about the humiliation black people once endured in the very building they live in.
So to my friend I’d like to say this: If some of our stories are painful or negative, then in telling them, we should strive to not destroy the progress that has been made since the time that we lived those stories. But we still have to tell them. If we don’t, how will we ever be able to judge whether or not any progress has been made?
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I am reminded of a time in 2002-2003 (I forget exactly when, but it was around that time), I went to EMG building at Gallaudet. The main area in the first floor was given to a kind of permanent exhibit showing history of Gallaudet. The offices surrounding the exhibit were all offices for Public Relations dept.
I went there one day to visit a friend of mine who worked for PR dept (she no longer works there now, by the way) and she wasn’t quite ready when I arrived. So to kill time, I looked at the pictures and read the text on the walls of the exhibit.
I noticed that anyone who wasn’t black had their names labeled in the exhibit. But there was a great picture of Andrew J. Foster…and his name wasn’t labeled, like the others.
I mentioned it to my co-worker, and she mentioned it to her boss, but I am not sure if anything was done, because I didn’t have a chance to visit EMG building again after that.
If anyone who has visited EMG building recently, it’d be great if you can confirm whether the exhibit is still there, and if Andrew J. Foster’s picture is now labeled.
-Michele Ketcham
That jogged a memory I had as a child. We lived in Virginia, not far from DC, and when I went to the pool, there would be a sign “WHITES ONLY” over the entrance. I wondered, because there were black attendants cleaning the tile floors. There were other such signs still in evidence when I moved to New York in the late 50’s.
The memory is just as searing as the feeling you had on seeing those relics.
Is it because we experienced discrimination as deaf people that we feel this way on seeing evidence of racist pasts? Do we ache when we hear our black friends decry racism on the Gallaudet campus today?
I’m not sure if preserving evidence of such bigotry is useful. Recently I was looking at a show where black memorablia was exhibited. There were figurines of happy men with fiddles, Aunt Jemimas, Step’n Fetchits and little wiry-haired black figurines with watermelon slices. Posters of wild-eyed black men stealing produce or chewing wheat stalks. Words that were supposed to be evocative of black dialect. After a while I felt off color, no pun intended, and left. Not only was it racist, it was cruel and unthinking, and unneccessary. A few viewers there were laughing.
Perhaps, like preservation of Holocaust relics, there is a point to this.
That’s why we have history, to remind us. That’s why the word “history” encompasses the word “story” (http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=history has information on etymology).
However, I can understand your friend’s feelings. It takes only one negative story to erase the hopeful, enthusiastic feelings that any prospective student has about your friend’s college. Not too many people are trained to put events in the proper perspective. Also, people tend to focus on negativity rather than positivity.
Still, a story, be it positive or negative, must be told. Without it, history would not exist.
Joseph Pietro Riolo
josephpietrojeungriolo@gmail.com
Public domain notice: I put all of my expressions in this post in the public domain.
Those who fail to remember the past are bound to repeat it.
I forget who said it, but they were right.
Dennis
I believe it was a guy names Jim Jones that said it. He was the one that led his cult to commit suicide in Guyana in South America in the late 70s or early 80’s.
George Santayana is the one who said that. “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santayana
That is another way of saying that there is nothing new under the sun. That, by the way, is an old Roman saying.
Mea Culpa….sorry I was mistaken. I had heard that guy Jim Jones had that prominently displayed at his compound so I assumed he originated it. So I was wrong…shoot me. HA!
I think it’s a good idea to preserve some of them for history, but I don’t think it’s a good idea generally, to leave it in a place where normal business occurs, unless that item is cordoned off with a plaque explaining the historical significance.
But they should be done sparingly in places of businesses because really, those kind of things belong in museums. The reason I say that is because we have to balance between constantly picking open a wound, preventing it from healing and remembering, learning about what happened so it never happens again.
I agree with you. Can one try to imagine things that happened in the Jewish Holocaust if no pictures, artifacts or materials were available or displayed for the general public to see? More people probably would have a hard time believing that the holocaust ever happened. I visited Dachau concentration camp as a young kid near Munich, Germany and that really left a huge impression on me what the germans and the Nazis did to their own people. It left me quite shell shocked afterwards, I must say and I had a lot of questions as to why they would want to do such a thing to others. Without these artifacts, historical materials, etc., Washington, DC probably wouldn’t have the Holocaust Museum.
Simply put, its to remind all of us that we should never forget and never allow it to happen again.
Chris,
Thanks for an interesting story about history and remembrance. I think I, too, would have been equally as stunned to see the water fountains as you and everyone else that day. I would have fingered the fountains and the inscriptions to confirm their reality to me. Although I’ve seen pictures of segregated water fountains, it’s actually a different experience to see for yourself. As painful as it is, we should always try to remember the past which is why I support saving relics of history like that and putting it aside for display for future generations.
But then again, I’m a historian by nature.
As for your comment about the world changing, I simply say that the world has moved on. The percentage of people that are happy with change in general decreases the older they get.
This makes me think of a quote that you will see upon entering the Holocaust Museum:
“First they came for the Communists,
and I didn’t speak up because I wasn’t a Communist.
Then they came for the Jews,
and I didn’t speak up because I wasn’t a Jew.
Then they came for the Catholics,
and I didn’t speak up because I was a Protestant.
Then they came for me,
and by that time there was no one left
to speak up
for me.”
Rev. Martin Niemoller, 1945
History is there for posterity, so that we may learn, become educated, and perhaps get a glimpse of what life is like loooking in from the outside, from a different perspective. I say “different” because I, as a deaf person, also have a spot looking in from the outside at times.
Education is one of the pathways to understanding what goes on around us.
Chris -
I liked the article (honestly), but i think there is an important point to sharing a story. A “historical” story can be used as in one of two ways, to help us prevent history from repeating itself, or to incite history TO repeat itself. This is why I think people need to be careful.
The moral and message about what you found on Kennilworth Ave is a good one - and it’s worth sharing. This is the kind of story with a message that helps us remember where we came from.
The difference betweeen that and the way you approach the UWM situation is this - the way you share history might serve to undermine the progress that we’ve made over the past 17 years. Same thing for the Deaf community - we do need to remember our history so that we can be empowered, but we need to be careful how we use these memories. If we’re not…we undermine the entire process that led to changes in 1988 (and last year).
As far as quotes go, Mitch Album wrote “History doesn’t just repeat itself, it imposes its will. It pulls you down its drain.” Take that to mean what you will, but stories from our past can be powerfully motivating, or manipulatively inciteful. And THAT is why we had objections to not putting the situation at uwm in it’s proper context
Yeah. That was said better than mine. I agree wholeheartedly.